Business-Oriented Gemology Course
Duration 8 Weeks, Five working days
1. Overview of the program: Curriculum for Gemology
Learning Units
- Introduction to Gemology
- Physical properties of gemstones
- Gemstone Formation (Origin of Gemstone) & basic Crystallography
- Optical Properties of gemstones
- Gemstones testing instruments and their use
- Inorganic Gem Material (mainstream gemstones)
- Organic Gem Material
Gemology Course Contents with detail
Gemstones names used in local market such , Ruby(yaqooth), Emerald (Zamrood), Coral(Marjan) etc.👆
· What is gemstone?
· What is an organic gem?
· What is an Inorganic gem?
· What are beauty, rarity and durability?
Definition of some physical properties of gemstones
·
hardness and hardness scale (Moh’s Scale),
· Toughness,
· Stability
· Fracture,
· Cleavage,
· Parting
· streak.
Basic
Terms Use in Gemology
· Real or Natural Gemstones
· Treated gemstones
· Synthetic gemstones
· Simulant or imitation gemstones
· Composite or Assemble gemstones
Weight, Pricing and measures
· Unit of Weight
· Carat / Cents or points
Uses of
basic tools
· Tweezers: Using of different types of tweezers
· Loupe (10x): Choosing a 10x loupe, using the loupe
Video Demonstrations
Diamond is hard but not tough.How to Grow Synthetic Crystal
Gemstone Identification step by step/ Overview of the gem identification Process (visual observations, Polariscope, Refractometer, spectroscope, Dichroscope, Gemological Microscope etc
Visual observations techniques
Colour
1. Description of colour
a.
Hue
b.
Tone
(Value)
c.
Saturation
2.
Transparency
Transparent
Sub transparent
Translucent
Sub translucent
Opaque
3.
Luster
and type of luster
Metallic luster
Adamantine luster
Sub Adamantine luster
Vitreous luster
Waxy luster
Pearly luster
Silky luster
4. Shape (Cut/ Rough)
Faceting, Cabochon, Carving
Parts of faceted stone and number of facets in round brilliant cut and their name
Types of different cut like Round
brilliant Oval brilliant cut, Marquise cut, Heart cut, Mixed cut, pear
brilliant cut, Emerald cut etc.
Cabochon, double cabochon,
Flat cabochon, Hollow cabochon etc.
5.
Rough
Identification of mainstream gems in crystal shape (natural form). Such as fluorite crystal, Tourmaline crystal, Topaz crystal, Aquamarine crystal, Quartz crystal etc.
o Gemstone Formation (Origin of Gemstone) &basic Crystallography
. Earth’s Activity
Types of Rocks and associated
gemstones
Igneous rock, Metamorphic
rocks, Sedimentary rocks, Pegmatite gemstones, Hydrothermal gemstones ,
Gemstones found in volcanic deposits, Placer (alluvial/alluvium) deposited
Basic Crystallography
Crystal,
Non crystalline, Amorphous, Crystal form, prism form, pinacoid form, pyramid
form, bi pyramids, Crystal habit, fibrous, massive, crypto crystalline, poly
crystalline,
Crystals and Seven Crystal
System
Cubic, Tetragonal , Hexagonal, Trigonal , Orthorhombic, Monoclinic, Triclinic
- Optical
Properties of gemstones
o
Reflection, Refraction, Refractive index, Total
internal reflection, Single refractive (Isotropic), double refractive
o
Optical Phenomena , types of phenomena and cause
of phenomena in gemstones. Sheen effect, Chatoyancy, Asterism, Aventurescence ,
Adularescence, Labradorescence, orient, colour change effect.
Method of viewing of
phenomenal effect in Cut and Rough stones.
Video demonstration
1.
Reflection
of light
2.
Refraction
of light
3.
Total
Internal Reflection (TIR)
- Gemstones testing instruments and their
use
o
The Polariscope
·
Un
polarized light
·
Polarized
light
·
Single
Refractive (SR)/ Isotropic/Isometric
·
Anomalous
double Refraction (ADR)
·
Double
Refractive (DR)/ Anisotropic
·
Microcrystalline
/ Polycrystalline /Aggregate reaction
·
How to
set polariscope for gemstone testing?
· Using
of Polariscope and testing techniques
·
How to make sample
polariscope at low budget?
Video demonstration
o .Polariscope video
o
Practical
Demonstration
o
Students
test different type of gems with the help of Polariscope.
o
The Refractometer its
construction, care and use
1.
Construction
of Refractometer
2.
Sources
of illumination (sodium light)
3.
Contact
liquid
4.
Using
the refractometer
5.
Taking
reading
6.
Use of
the polarizing filter
7.
Optical
Character (SR/DR)
8.
Uniaxial
9.
Biaxial
10. Birefringence
7
- Gemstones testing instruments and their
use
o
Gemological Microscope and
Use of Illuminations techniques in Gemological Microscope
The use
of magnification (microscope) in gemology
Features
of the gem microscope
Types of
illumination
i)
Reflected/incident
illumination
ii)
Dark
field illumination
iii)
Direct
light field illumination
iv)
Diffused
illumination using white/blue filter
v)
Polarized
illumination
vi)
Immersion
Gems inclusion and its types
o
Construction of Dichroscope
and its uses
What is Pleochroism?
Dichroism, trichroism
What is Dichroscope?
Types of Dichroscope and
their construction
1.
Calcite
Dichroscope
2.
London
(polarizing) dichroscope
Proper use and possible
observations
Practical
Demonstration
Students
test, check and observe the pleochroism in different type of gems with the help
of dichroscope.
o
Cause of
colour in gemstones / Colour in gemstones
o
Selective absorption
o
Residual colour
o
The transition elements
o
Crystal field transitions
o
Charge transfer process
o
Colour center
o Corundum (Ruby and Sapphire)
o Chemistry:
o
Crystal system and habit
o
Varieties
o
Phenomena:
o
Occurrence:
o
Physical
properties
o
Optical
properties
o
Spectrum
o
Fluorescence
o
Inclusions
in nature corundum
o
Enhancement
(treatment) in corundum and their detection
o
Manufacture
processes of synthetic corundum
o
Inclusions
in synthetic corundum
o
Fashioning/ cut
Video Demonstrations
How to Grow Synthetic
corundum Crystal
12
o Beryl (Goshenite, Aquamarine, Emerald etc)
o Chemistry:
o
Crystal system and habit
o
Varieties
o
Phenomena:
o
Occurrence:
o
Physical
properties
o
Optical
properties
o
Spectrum
o
Fluorescence
o
Inclusions
in nature Beryl
o
Enhancement
(treatment) in Beryl and their detection
o
Manufacture
processes of synthetic Beryl
o
Inclusions
in synthetic Beryl
o
Fashioning/ cut
Video Demonstrations
How to Grow Synthetic Emerald
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Treatment
and Enhancement of Gemstones and their detection Natural
gems Treated
gems Purpose of enhancement or treatment Treatment and pricing Types of treatment : Painting,
Foiling or Coating, Dyeing, Impregnation and Filling using oiling, waxing,
resin and polymer fillers, Laser treatment, Heat treatment and surface
diffusion, Irradiation Simulants, Imitations and assembled
(composite) stones (Ruby, Emerald , Spinel, Garnet topped doublet etc) Minerals
& minerals specimen (Minerals specimen evaluation,
cleaning & Packing method) Lapis
Lazuli(chemical
Composition, crystal system & habit, varieties, Physical properties,
Optical properties , occurrence, fluorescence, dying lapis lazuli
identification ) The
4C’s of Colour Stones (Colour, Clarity, Carat weight , Cutting) Tourmaline (chemical Composition,
crystal system & habit, varieties, Physical properties, Optical
properties , Inclusions , occurrence, fluorescence, treatment) Spodumene,
Topaz
( chemical Composition, crystal system
& habit, varieties, Physical properties, Optical properties, Inclusions,
occurrence, fluorescence, treatment) Quartz (chemical Composition,
crystal system & habit, varieties, Physical properties, Optical
properties , Inclusions, occurrence, fluorescence, treatment , synthetic
quartz and its identification) Garnet (chemical Composition,
crystal system & habit, varieties, Physical properties, Optical
properties , Inclusions , occurrence) Peridot (chemical Composition, crystal system & habit, varieties, Physical properties, Optical properties , Inclusions, occurrence |
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Organic gemstones (Amber, Coral , Pearls, Ivory) International
Marketing Marketing
& Export procedure Management
of business / Finance
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